Hunger edema is a condition that is included in the category of malnutrition or malnutrition, in which the body is malnourished for a long time. This condition makes a person prone to severe infections and suffer from various diseases that can lead to death.
Hungry edema is a layman's term to describe two forms of malnutrition, namely kwashiorkor and marasmus. Malnutrition occurs when the body experiences a lack of essential nutrients, which includes carbohydrates, protein, fat, vitamins, and minerals. Kwashiorkor is a condition when the body lacks protein, whereas marasmus occurs when the body lacks energy and protein. Both are included in the category of energy-protein malnutrition. In patients with malnutrition, kwashiorkor and marasmus conditions can occur together (kwasiorkor marasmus conditions).
Risk Factors for Hunger Busung Occurrence
Hunger edema can be caused by several things. Among others are:
- Starving
- Food shortages.
- Live in poverty.
- Not given breast milk.
- Living in a remote area and it is very difficult to get food.
- Food shortages due to war or natural disasters, such as earthquakes, floods, or
In addition to these factors, hungry edema can also occur because a person has an eating disorder, taking drugs that interfere with the absorption of nutrients, or certain medical conditions such as mental disorders, inflammatory bowel disease, and cancer.
How Can Hungry Busung Occur?
Malnutrition can be experienced by anyone, ranging from children, adults, even pregnant women. Lack of one important nutrient can be called malnutrition.
In the case of edema, malnutrition has been ongoing for quite a long time. People who do not get enough food and often experience hunger, in the long run can experience malnutrition. If left malnourished, it can continue to become hungry edema.
The characteristics of Hungry Busung
Some of the symptoms and signs of edema are being too thin and short, stunted growth and development, weakness, and low intellectual ability.
Another typical sign of kwashiorkor's edema is swelling in the body caused by fluid buildup, enlarged abdomen, weight and height does not increase, changes in skin and hair color (skin becomes dry, and hair turns white or reddish yellow like corn silk). While the characteristics of marasmus edema are abdominal shrinkage, underweight, and chronic diarrhea.
Handling of Hungry Busung
Handling of malnutrition depends on the patient's health condition and the severity of the malnutrition experienced. Handling provided includes medical care, nutrition and fluids to prevent dehydration, a clean environment, and other supporting social services.
Hungry edema patients who still have an appetite can generally do ambulatory care. Treatment can be in the form of feeding specially formulated foods, as well as monitoring the patient's condition by health workers. Whereas the patient is hungry with certain medical conditions or has no appetite, requires inpatient treatment at the hospital. In addition to soft or liquid food, these patients require special formula milk supplemented with vitamins and minerals, as well as and treatment for infections or complications that occur.
The diet that is applied to malnourished patients is usually in the form of foods that contain lots of calories with a content of protein, carbohydrates, and fat, with additional snacks between meals, giving adequate fluids, and vitamin and mineral supplements.
Feeding needs to be done in stages in accordance with doctor's recommendations, which are adjusted to the patient's body's ability to absorb nutrients. This aims to prevent complications due to giving too much nutrition suddenly.
Prevention of Hungry Busung
The best way to prevent the occurrence of edema is to prevent malnutrition, which is implementing a healthy and balanced diet, including:
- Expand to eat vegetables and fruit.
- Expand to consume foods that contain starch, such as bread, rice, potatoes, and pasta.
- Consuming milk and its processed products.
- Eat meat, fish, eggs, nuts, and other sources of protein.
- Routine body weight to monitor nutritional status.
Getting treatment and treatment as soon as possible is an important key to recovery of malnutrition, to save lives and improve the quality of life of sufferers in the long run. Hungry edema left untreated can cause mental disability, permanent physical disability, and premature death.
Since malnutrition and malnutrition are not only caused by hunger, people with certain medical conditions that can increase the risk of malnutrition are advised to consult a doctor.
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